Use of expedited partner therapy among chlamydia cases diagnosed at an urban Indian health centre, Arizona

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Authors: M M Taylor et al.

Publication Year: 2013

Last Updated:

Journal: International Journal of STD & AIDS

Keywords: Women's Health; STDs; Chlamydia; Screening; Treatment; Expedited Partner Therapy

 

Short Abstract: Chlamydia cases diagnosed in the women’s clinic were more likely to receive expedited partner therapy (EPT) and to be re-tested as compared with urgent and emergent care settings.

 

Abstract: Chlamydia cases diagnosed in the women’s clinic were more likely to receive expedited partner therapy (EPT) and to be re-tested as compared with urgent and emergent care settings. Fewer reinfections occurred among patients who received EPT. Disproportionate rates of chlamydia occur among American Indian (AI) populations. To describe use of EPT among chlamydia cases diagnosed at an urban Indian Health Service (IHS) facility in Arizona, health records were used to extract confirmed cases of chlamydia diagnosed between January 2009 and August 2011. Medical records of 492 patients diagnosed with chlamydia were reviewed. Among the 472 cases who received treatment, 246 (52%) received EPT. Receipt of EPT was significantly associated with being female (odds ratio (OR) 2.1, 1.03–4.4, P < 0.001) and receipt of care in the women’s clinic (OR 9.9, 95% CI 6.0–16.2) or in a primary care clinic (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1–5.1). Compared with those receiving care in the women’s clinic, the odds of receipt of EPT were significantly less in those attending the urgent/express care clinic (OR 0.1,95% CI 0.06–0.2), and the emergency department (OR 0.1, 95% CI 0.05–0.2). Among treated patients who underwent re-testing (N = 323, 68% total treated) re-infection was less common among those that received EPT (13% versus 27%; OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.9). In this IHS facility, EPT was protective in preventing chlamydia re-infection. Opportunities to expand the use of EPT were identified in urgent and emergent care settings.

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

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Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6751562/pdf/nihms-1050539.pdf

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System

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Authors: Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (CDC)

Publication Year: 2023

Last Updated: March 23, 2023

Journal:

Keywords: Awareness; Ethnicity; Health Disparities; Mental and Behavioral Health; Minority Groups; Misclassification of AI/AN; Population Information; Women's Health; Maternal Health; Pregnancy; Reproductive Health

 

Short Abstract: CDC conducts national pregnancy-related mortality surveillance to better understand the risk factors for and causes of pregnancy-related deaths in the United States.

 

Abstract: CDC conducts national pregnancy-related mortality surveillance to better understand the risk factors for and causes of pregnancy-related deaths in the United States. The Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System (PMSS) defines a pregnancy-related death as a death while pregnant or within 1 year of the end of pregnancy from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy. Medical epidemiologists review and analyze death records, linked birth records and fetal death records if applicable, and additional available data from all 50 states, New York City, and Washington, DC. PMSS is used to calculate the pregnancy-related mortality ratio, an estimate of the number of pregnancy-related deaths for every 100,000 live births. The birth data used to calculate pregnancy-related mortality ratios were obtained from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) via the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER).

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

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Source: https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternal-mortality/pregnancy-mortality-surveillance-system.htm

Type of Resource: Other

Narratives from African American/Black, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Hispanic/Latinx community members in Arizona to enhance COVID-19 vaccine and vaccination uptake

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Authors: Matt Ignacio, Sabrina Oesterl , Micaela Mercado, Ann Carver, Gilberto Lopez 3, Wendy Wolfersteig 2, Stephanie Ayers, Seol Ki , Kathryn Hamm, Sairam Parthasarathy, Adam Berryhill, Linnea Evans, Samantha Sabo, Chyke Doubeni

Publication Year: 2023

Last Updated: April 2023

Journal:

Keywords: Awareness; Covid-19; Cultural Sensitivity and Appropriateness; Health Disparities; Infection Disease; Minority Groups; Vaccination/Immunization

 

Short Abstract: The state of Arizona has experienced one of the highest novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positivity test rates in the United States with disproportionally higher case rates and deaths among African-American/Black (AA/B), American Indian/Alaska Native (Native), and Hispanic/Latinx (HLX) individuals.

 

Abstract: The state of Arizona has experienced one of the highest novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positivity test rates in the United States with disproportionally higher case rates and deaths among African-American/Black (AA/B), American Indian/Alaska Native (Native), and Hispanic/Latinx (HLX) individuals. To reduce disparities and promote health equity, researchers from Arizona State University, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Northern Arizona University, and the University of Arizona formed a partnership with community organizations to conduct state-wide community-engaged research and outreach. This report describes results from 34 virtually-held focus groups and supplemental survey responses conducted with 153 AA/B, HLX, and Native community members across Arizona to understand factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and confidence. Focus groups revealed common themes of vaccine hesitancy stemming from past experiences of research abuses (e.g., Tuskegee syphilis experiment) as well as group-specific factors. Across all focus groups, participants strongly recommended the use of brief, narrative vaccination testimonials from local officials, community members, and faith leaders to increase trust in science, vaccine confidence and to promote uptake.

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

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Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8942760/

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

Alcoholics Anonymous-Related Benefit for Urban Native Americans: Does Urban Native American Gender Moderate AA Engagement and Outcomes?

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Authors: Rosa E. Munoz and J. Scott Tonigan

Publication Year: 2017

Last Updated:

Journal: Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly

Keywords: Gender Identity; Substance Use; Alcoholics Anonymous; Addiction; Moderation

 

Short Abstract: Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is one of the most commonly accessed resources for individuals seeking to reduce their drinking.

 

Abstract: Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is one of the most commonly accessed resources for individuals seeking to reduce their drinking. How urban Native Americans fare in AA is only beginning to be investigated in spite of circumstantial evidence suggesting that a majority of treatment-seeking urban Native Americans will receive 12-step treatment. Even less is known about Native American gender differences with regard to AA-related benefit. The current study addressed this gap by investigating urban Native American gender differences in AA attendance rates and outcomes. To this end, as part of two larger NIH-funded studies we recruited 63 Native American men and women and followed them for 9 months in this naturalistic study (n= 35 males, n = 28 females). Urban Native Americans significantly reduced their drinking over the study period, and AA attendance explained, in part, increased abstinence of study participants. No significant differences in AA attendance and drinking outcomes were observed between Native American men and women; however, descriptively men reported greater reductions in hazardous drinking relative to women. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed.

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

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Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5731782/

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

Disparities in prostate, lung, breast and colorectal cancer survival and comorbidity status among urban American Indians and Alaskan Natives

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Authors: Marc A. Emerson et al.

Publication Year: 2017

Last Updated:

Journal: Cancer Research

Keywords: Cancer; Health Disparities; Survival

 

Short Abstract: Cancer is the second leading cause of death among American Indians and Alaskan Natives (AIAN); although cancer survival information in this population is limited, particularly among urban AIAN.

 

Abstract: Cancer is the second leading cause of death among American Indians and Alaskan Natives (AIAN); although cancer survival information in this population is limited, particularly among urban AIAN. In this retrospective cohort study, we compared all-cause and prostate, breast, lung, and colorectal cancer-specific mortality among AIAN (n=582) and non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) (n=82,696) enrollees of Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) diagnosed with primary invasive breast, prostate, lung, or colorectal cancer from 1997–2015. Tumor registry and other electronic health records provided information on sociodemographic, comorbidities, tumor, clinical, and treatment characteristics. Cox regression models were used to estimate adjusted survival curves and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). AIAN had a significantly higher comorbidity burden compared to NHW (p < 0.05). When adjusting for patient, disease characteristics and Charlson comorbidity scores, all-cause mortality and cancer-specific mortality were significantly higher for AIAN than NHW patients with breast cancer (HR= 1.47, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.92) or with prostate cancer (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.14, 3.06) but not for AIAN patients with lung and colorectal cancer. Despite approximately equal access to preventive services and cancer care in this setting, we found higher mortality for AIAN than NHW with some cancers, and a greater proportion of AIAN cancer patients with multiple comorbid conditions. This study provides severely needed information on the cancer experience of the 71% of American Indians/Alaskan Natives who live in urban areas and access cancer care outside of the Indian Health Services, from which the vast majority of AIAN cancer information comes.

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

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Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5728425/

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

Psychotherapy With American Indians: An Exploration of Therapist-Rated Techniques in Three Urban Clinics

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Authors: Mark Beitel et al.

Publication Year: 2018

Last Updated:

Journal: Psychotherapy

Keywords: Mental and Behavioral Health; Psychotherapy;

 

Short Abstract: The aim of the project was to conduct psychotherapy research in American Indian mental health clinics.

 

Abstract: The aim of the project was to conduct psychotherapy research in American Indian mental health clinics. To date, very little psychotherapy research has been conducted in this area. We report the findings from a multisite investigation of psychotherapy techniques used with American Indians. Psychotherapists, working in three American Indian clinics, were asked to self-report the therapeutic interventions that they used in sessions with 93 separate adult American Indian outpatients. Each therapist rated each client exactly once, and thus data on 93 sessions were collected. Therapists’ self-reported technique use with the Multitheoretical List of Therapist Interventions (McCarthy & Barber, 2009). Ratings were made immediately following the delivery of a session. The common factors approach was the most reported approach, followed by person-centered and interpersonal approaches. However, the therapists reported using techniques from all of the main therapeutic approaches. Technique use was affected by client- (demographic and diagnostic), therapist-, and therapy-related variables. This project represents a promising start to systematic psychotherapy research in busy, urban American Indian clinics. Many psychotherapeutic techniques are utilized, and there are many avenues for future research. A replication with client and observer ratings will be an important next step.

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

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Source: http://gonetowar.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/AI-Therapy-Techniques.pdf

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

Oral Health Knowledge and the Utilization of Dental Services: A Survey of Urban Native Americans

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Authors: Divesh Byrappagari, Megan K. Kemink, and Jessica J. Ray

Publication Year: 2017

Last Updated:

Journal: Journal of Dental and Oral Health

Keywords: Health Care Access; Health Disparities; Dental Utilization; Oral Health Knowledge;

 

Short Abstract: The purpose of this study is to understand the oral health knowledge among the Native American patients of American Indian Health and Family Services and how it affects the utilization of dental care by these patients.

 

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to understand the oral health knowledge among the Native American patients of American Indian Health and Family Services and how it affects the utilization of dental care by these patients. In collaboration with American Indian Health and Family Services, a non-profit health center serving the Native American community of southeastern Michigan, a paper based survey was administered to all the individuals who sought care at the health center. A total of 55 surveys were collected. A majority of the respondents identified themselves as Native American (71%). Analysis revealed that, a majority of respondents were knowledgeable about the importance of brushing (98%), flossing (96%) and diet (78%) to maintain good oral health. About 91% reported that good oral health was very important to them and about half of them reported having good to very good oral health. A large percent of the respondents did not practice good oral hygiene and seek dental care when needed even though they scored high on the knowledge questions. A majority of the respondents reported not seeking dental care in spite of having dental needs (58%) and listed barriers like; cost of dental care (48%), transportation (10%), and inability to take time off from work (10%) among others. The results of the study indicated that good oral health knowledge alone does not translate to better utilization of dental services, and there are other barriers to seeking care.

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

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Source: https://scientonline.org/open-access/oral-health-knowledge-and-the-utilization-of-dental-services-a-survey-of-urban-native-americans.pdf

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

Cultural Dynamics, Substance Use, and Resilience Among American Indian/Alaska Native Emerging Adults in Urban Areas

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Authors: Ryan A. Brown et al.

Publication Year: 2022

Last Updated:

Journal: Adversity and Resilience Science

Keywords: Substance Use; Emerging Adulthood; Cultural Identity; Intervention Development; Qualitative

 

Short Abstract: Identity development during emerging adulthood helps lay down the structure of values, social bonds, and decision-making patterns that help determine adult outcomes, including patterns of substance use. Managing cultural identity may pose unique challenges for American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) emerging adults in “urban” areas (away from tribal lands or reservations), who are relatively isolated from social and cultural connections.

 

Abstract: Identity development during emerging adulthood helps lay down the structure of values, social bonds, and decision-making patterns that help determine adult outcomes, including patterns of substance use. Managing cultural identity may pose unique challenges for American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) emerging adults in “urban” areas (away from tribal lands or reservations), who are relatively isolated from social and cultural connections. This isolation is in turn a product of cultural genocide and oppression, both historically and in the present day. This paper uses qualitative data from 13 focus groups with urban AI/AN emerging adults, parents, and providers to explore how cultural dynamics are related to substance use outcomes for urban AI/AN emerging adults. We found that cultural isolation as well as ongoing discrimination presents challenges to negotiating cultural identity, and that the AI/AN social and cultural context sometimes presented risk exposures and pathways for substance use. However, we also found that culture provided a source of strength and resilience for urban AI/AN emerging adults, and that specific cultural values and traditions — such as mindfulness, connection to nature, and a deep historical and cosmological perspective — offer “binding pathways” for positive behavioral health. We conclude with two suggestions for substance use prevention and intervention for this population: (1) incorporate these “binding pathways” for health and resilience explicitly into intervention materials; (2) emphasize and celebrate emerging adulthood itself as a sacred cultural transition.

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

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Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42844-022-00058-w

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

An Interview Project with Native American People: A Community-Based Study to Identify Actionable Steps to Reduce Health Disparities

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Authors: J. Leston, C. Crisp, C. Lee, E. Rink

Publication Year: 2019

Last Updated:

Journal:

Keywords: Data Collection; Health Disparities; HIV/AIDS; Mental and Behavioral Health; Programmatic Initiatives; Injection Drug Use; Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR)

 

Short Abstract: Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to work with tribal communities to define and develop their own healthcare services and strategies for positive change regarding injection drug use, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The secondary objective of this study was to incorporate community capacity building strategies to develop and sustain programming and resources to optimize tribal communities’ responsiveness to reduce health disparities.

 

Abstract: Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to work with tribal communities to define and develop their own healthcare services and strategies for positive change regarding injection drug use, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The secondary objective of this study was to incorporate community capacity building strategies to develop and sustain programming and resources to optimize tribal communities’ responsiveness to reduce health disparities. Study design: Semi-structured qualitative interviews. Methods: Interviews were guided by community-based participatory research (CBPR) principles to create programs, projects, and policy recommendations meaningful to American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) people. Results: The study generated a formative understanding of the context of AI/AN people who inject drugs (PWID) in three distinct AI/AN communities as well as developed local capacity for future programming, projects, and policy. Conclusions: This study confirms CBPR methods should be part of an iterative cycle to inform policy and programs. CBPR has helped strengthen local research capacity and has formed ongoing relationships between study investigators, local liaisons, and the community that will be essential for next phases of program design and policy implementation. This cycle of CBPR could be replicated in other tribal communities to bring awareness of the opioid epidemic and its effects and to prioritize local indigenous and community-led responses.

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

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Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033350618303767?via%3Dihub

Type of Resource: Best Practices Newsletter

Suffering like a Broken Toy: Social, Psychological, and Cultural Impacts for Urban American Indians with Chronic Pain

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Authors: Elise AG Duwe

Publication Year: 2019

Last Updated:

Journal: International Journal of Indigenous Health

Keywords: Chronic Pain; Illness Experience; Invisibility; Psychological Peace; Warrior Strength

 

Short Abstract: This paper will explore the difficult conversations and places of tension in the lived experience of chronic pain for urban American Indians from a larger study discerning relationships between chronic pain and colonization.

 

Abstract: This paper will explore the difficult conversations and places of tension in the lived experience of chronic pain for urban American Indians from a larger study discerning relationships between chronic pain and colonization. A concurrent transformative mixed methods design with in-depth interviews and a survey was used for the larger study. This paper concerns only the qualitative data. Forty self-identified American Indian adults living in Indiana, Chicago, and Tulsa who reported pain for greater than three months provided their chronic pain illness experiences for this paper. The paper uses three data-derived themes to encompass the broad reaching social, psychological, and cultural suffering inherent in coping with chronic pain: invisibility, psychological peace, and warrior strength. American Indian chronic pain sufferers in this study struggle with the multiplicative invisibility of both their chronic pain and their native identity. The invisibility leads to passing as white in environments hostile to people of color. It also results in family disconnection, loneliness, and isolation. In order to survive socially-mediated assaults, American Indian chronic pain sufferers keep their psyche at peace through stress management, cultural engagement, and non-negativity. They also call upon warrior strength—their understanding that American Indians as peoples have always survived bolsters their individual strength to push through the pain. They seek to function without further debility and to maintain their economic, spiritual, social, and physical wellness. Ultimately the participants in this research tell a profound, critical, and world-changing story that requires attention in overcoming barriers to full thriving with chronic pain.

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

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Source: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/ijih/article/view/31707/25292

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article