HIV/AIDS Resource Guide

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Authors: NCUIH

Publication Year: 2023

Keywords: HIV/AIDS; Sexuality; Toolkit

 

Short Abstract: The HIV epidemic continues to affect millions of Americans every year. Of those affected, AI/ANs have the highest rate of undiagnosed cases compared to other racial/ethnic groups in the U.S. AI/AN health data is consistently underestimated due to racial misclassification.

 

Abstract: The HIV epidemic continues to affect millions of Americans every year. Of those affected, AI/ANs have the highest rate of undiagnosed cases compared to other racial/ethnic groups in the U.S. AI/AN health data is consistently underestimated due to racial misclassification. Lack of access to testing accounts for some of this disparity. According to the Urban Indian Health Institute (UIHI), only21% of urban Natives have received UIO HIV testing services in their lifetime. This prevalence of undetected cases leads to increased risk of HIV-related death among AI/ANs. Despite these disparities, it can be difficult to find effective, high-quality, and culturally appropriate AI/AN HIV/AIDS resources. In order to alleviate some of this difficulty, we have created this resource toolkit. This guide is meant to be a working document. Just as HIV best practices change with new research and information, so will this guide. Please feel free to contact us with suggested updates and resources. This is meant to be a tool for you! Notes: At NCUIH, we are dedicated to continuously improving our resources to better serve Urban Indian Organizations like yours. In September 2023, we launched the HIV/AIDS Resource Guide for UIOs, and your feedback is crucial to its success. Please consider taking this short, 5-minute survey designed to collect your valuable insights and suggestions, helping us tailor the guide to meet the unique needs of your organization. Survey link: https://ncuih.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_5b6RCWgODGrddq If you have any questions or need further assistance, please feel free to contact Divya Nanduri, HIV/AIDS Program Manager at dnanduri@ncuih.org.

 

Source: Link to Toolkit.

Source: https://ncuih.org/wp-content/uploads/HIV-AIDS-Resource-Toolkit_NCUIH_D359_V2.pdf

Type of Resource: Toolkit

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American Indian and Alaska Native children experience high rates of RSV-related hospitalizations

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Authors: Joshua Fitch, Editor

Publication Year: 2023

Last Updated: Jul 24, 2023

Journal:

Keywords: Ethnicity; Health Disparities; Infant Mortality; Minority Groups; Population Information; Race; Social Determinants of Health; Vaccination/Immunization; Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated acute respiratory infection (ARI) hospitalizations; RSV; ARI; Hospitalizations

 

Short Abstract: Results from this active, facility-based surveillance study revealed hospitalization rates for children younger than 5 years were 1.7 to 7.1 times higher among American Indian and Alaska Native children compared to estimates from the methodologically similar US New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN). ---- No abstract it is an article.

 

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Type of Resource: Other

Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences Among U.S. Adults — Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2011–2020

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Authors: Elizabeth A. Swedo, MD1; Maria V. Aslam, PhD2; Linda L. Dahlberg, PhD1; Phyllis Holditch Niolon, PhD1; Angie S. Guinn, MPH; Thomas R. Simon, PhD; James A. Mercy, PhD

Publication Year: 2023

Last Updated: June 30, 2023

Journal: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

Keywords: Awareness; Health Disparities; Injury and Trauma; Mental and Behavioral Health; Population Information; Psychology; Social Determinants of Health; Socio-Economic Disparities; Sexual Abuse; Substance Use; Youth; Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)

 

Short Abstract: What is already known about this topic? Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with numerous negative outcomes. Previous data from 25 states indicated that ACEs are common among U.S. adults.

 

Abstract: What is already known about this topic? Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with numerous negative outcomes. Previous data from 25 states indicated that ACEs are common among U.S. adults. What is added by this report? Among U.S. adults from all 50 states and the District of Columbia surveyed during 2011–2020, approximately two thirds reported at least one ACE; one in six reported four or more ACEs. ACEs were highest among women, persons aged 25–34 years, non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native adults, non-Hispanic multiracial adults, adults with less than a high school education, and adults who were unemployed or unable to work. Prevalence of individual and total number of ACEs varied across jurisdictions. What are the implications for public health practice? CDC’s Preventing Adverse Childhood Experiences: Leveraging the Best Available Evidence provides strategies for preventing and mitigating ACEs, particularly among disproportionately affected populations.

 

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Source: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/pdfs/mm7226a2-H.pdf

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

Increase in Diabetes among Urban Alaska Native People in the Alaska EARTH Follow-up Study: A Call for Prediabetes Screening, Diagnosis, and Referral for Intervention

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Authors: Kathryn R. Koller et al.

Publication Year: 2020

Last Updated:

Journal: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

Keywords: Diabetes; Alaska Native; Cohort Study; Prediabetes; Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

 

Short Abstract: Aims: This study estimates incidence of diabetes (DM) and pre-DM relative to DM risk factors among relatively healthy Alaska Native and American Indian (henceforth AN) adults living in urban south central Alaska.

 

Abstract: Aims: This study estimates incidence of diabetes (DM) and pre-DM relative to DM risk factors among relatively healthy Alaska Native and American Indian (henceforth AN) adults living in urban south central Alaska. Methods: Baseline (2004-2006) and follow-up (2014-2017) surveys, blood samples, and medical chart review data were collected from AN adults living in south central Alaska. We analyzed associations between prevalent risk factors and incident DM and pre-DM using Cox proportional hazards and used multivariable models to identify independent predictors for both DM and pre-DM. Results: Among 379 participants with follow-up data, overall DM incidence was 16.5/1,000 PY; overall pre-DM incidence was 77.6/1,000 PY, with marked differences between men and women. Prevalent cardiometabolic risk factors also varied with greater amounts of overweight in men and greater amounts of obesity in women. Controlling for age and sex, obesity, abdominal adiposity, pre-DM, and metabolic syndrome independently increased DM risk. Conclusions: Health care providers of AN populations must seize the opportunity to screen, refer, and treat individuals with pre-DM and other modifiable DM risk factors prior to DM diagnosis if we are to alter the epidemiologic course of disease progression in this urban AN population.

 

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Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7530054/

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

Primary Psychiatric Diagnoses, Commercialized Tobacco Use, and Homelessness: Comparisons Between Urban American Indian/Alaska Native and Non-American Indian/Alaska Native Adult Clinical Samples

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Authors: Daniel Dickerson et al.

Publication Year: 2023

Last Updated:

Journal: American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research

Keywords: Cultural Sensitivity and Appropriateness; Mental and Behavioral Health; Tobacco Use (non-traditional); Homelessness

 

Short Abstract: Although over 70% of American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) reside in urban areas, our knowledge of urban AI/AN adults receiving mental health treatment is limited.

 

Abstract: Although over 70% of American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) reside in urban areas, our knowledge of urban AI/AN adults receiving mental health treatment is limited. This study compares primary psychiatric diagnoses, commercialized tobacco use, and homelessness between AI/AN and non-AI/AN adults receiving services in an urban public mental health agency serving primarily AI/AN people in southern California. Depressive disorders were the most common psychiatric diagnoses for both groups. However, AI/AN adult clients demonstrated significantly less anxiety disorders and significantly more homelessness. Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, bipolar and related disorders, and commercialized tobacco use were higher among AI/AN adults compared to non-AI/AN adults. Results from this study offer data needed to further understand important public health issues that exist among AI/AN adults receiving mental health services in urban areas. We provide suggestions to enhance integrated and culturally appropriate treatment approaches and homelessness initiatives for this under-resourced, yet resilient population.

 

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Source: https://coloradosph.cuanschutz.edu/docs/librariesprovider205/journal_files/vol30/30_1_2023_14_dickerson.pdf

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

Perspectives of Indigenous University Students in Canada on Mindfulness-Based Interventions and their Adaptation to Reduce Depression and Anxiety Symptoms

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Authors: Shadi Beshai, Sharon M. Desjarlais & Brenda Green

Publication Year: 2023

Last Updated: February 21, 2023

Journal: Mindfulness

Keywords: Cultural Sensitivity and Appropriateness; Health Disparities; Mental and Behavioral Health; Psychology Suicide and Suicide Prevention; Youth; Anxiety; Depression; Mindfulness

 

Short Abstract: Objectives Indigenous university students experience high rates of anxiety and depression due primarily to the pernicious and persistent effects of colonialism, racism, and discrimination. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) hold promise, but likely require adaptation to make them culturally relevant for Indigenous peoples. We sought to gather Indigenous students’ perspectives on the consistency and adaptability of MBIs for Indigenous students experiencing symptoms of depression and anxiety.

 

Abstract: Objectives Indigenous university students experience high rates of anxiety and depression due primarily to the pernicious and persistent effects of colonialism, racism, and discrimination. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) hold promise, but likely require adaptation to make them culturally relevant for Indigenous peoples. We sought to gather Indigenous students’ perspectives on the consistency and adaptability of MBIs for Indigenous students experiencing symptoms of depression and anxiety. Method This three-part longitudinal investigation employed a qualitative design mixed with Indigenous research methods to elicit feedback from students (n = 14; Mage = 28.92) on the acceptability of MBIs and ways to tailor MBIs to make them more consistent with Indigenous cultures and student lifestyles. We subsequently used this feedback to develop an outline for an adapted MBI that was then re-evaluated by the same participants for its cultural relevance and safety. Results Indigenous students emphasized the need for the adapted MBI to incorporate (a) traditional Indigenous practices; (b) Indigenous facilitators; (c) holistic conceptualizations of mental health that include spirituality; and (d) practices and methods that could improve flexibility and accessibility of the adapted intervention. Based on this feedback, we presented students with an outline of an adapted MBI tentatively titled Miyowâyâwin Mindful Wellbeing Program, which received favorable evaluations by students for cultural consistency and safety. Conclusions We confirmed the perceived acceptability and consistency of mindfulness and mindfulness programs with Indigenous cultures. The need for a flexible MBI that centers Indigenous elements and Indigenous facilitators was highlighted by Indigenous participants. This study paves the way for latter steps of the development and subsequent evaluation of the Miyowâyâwin Mindful Wellbeing Program.

 

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Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12671-023-02087-7

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

Determinants of Lung Cancer Screening in a Minnesota Urban Indigenous Community: A Community-Based, Participatory, Action-Oriented Study

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Authors: Madison D. Anderson, Wyatt J. Pickner, Abbie Begnaud

Publication Year: 2023

Last Updated:

Journal: Cancer Prevention Research

Keywords: Cancer; Cultural Sensitivity and Appropriateness; Health Disparities

 

Short Abstract: Although lung cancer screening (LCS) with annual low-dose chest CT has been shown to reduce lung cancer deaths, it remains underutilized. Northern Plains American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities experience extreme lung cancer disparities, and little is known about the acceptance and adoption of LCS in these groups.

 

Abstract: Although lung cancer screening (LCS) with annual low-dose chest CT has been shown to reduce lung cancer deaths, it remains underutilized. Northern Plains American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities experience extreme lung cancer disparities, and little is known about the acceptance and adoption of LCS in these groups. We conducted interviews with healthcare professionals and focus groups with patients in an urban Minnesota community clinic serving AI/AN. Data collection took place during winter 2019–2020. Indigenous researchers collected and analyzed the data for emergent themes using simultaneous collaborative consensus with a LCS researcher. Participants reported some similar barriers to LCS as previous studies reported but also shared some new insights into traditional ways of knowing and recommendations for effectively implementing this evidence-based preventive care service. Lung screening is largely acceptable to patients and healthcare personnel in an AI/AN–serving community clinic. We identified barriers as previously reported in other populations but also identified some unique barriers and motivators. For example, the concept of the seven generations may provide motivation to maintain one's health for future generations while providing additional support during screening for persons traumatized by the Western medicine health system may facilitate increased screening uptake. Prevention Relevance: Secondary prevention of lung cancer through screening is potentially lifesaving considering that overall survival of lung cancer is 20% at 5 years but curable if detected at an early stage. This work provides insight into culturally tailored approaches to implementing the service in individuals at high risk of the disease.

 

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Source: https://aacrjournals.org/cancerpreventionresearch/article/16/4/239/718841/Determinants-of-Lung-Cancer-Screening-in-a

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

Patterns of Health Care Access and Use in an Urban American Indian and Alaska Native Population

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Authors: Garcia, A. N., Venegas-Murrillo, A., Martinez-Hollingsworth, A., Smith, L. V., Wells, K., Heilemann, M. V., Fischbach, L., Cummings, P. L., & Kuo, T.

Publication Year: 2023

Last Updated: 2023 May 18

Journal:

Keywords: Federal Health Care; Health Care Access; IHS

 

Short Abstract: Studies of health care access and use among historically resilient populations, while common, often field a limited sample size and rarely ask the groups most impacted by health inequities to weigh in. This is especially so for research and programs that focus on the American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) population. The present study addresses this gap by examining data from a cross-sectional survey of AIANs in Los Angeles County.

 

Abstract: Studies of health care access and use among historically resilient populations, while common, often field a limited sample size and rarely ask the groups most impacted by health inequities to weigh in. This is especially so for research and programs that focus on the American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) population. The present study addresses this gap by examining data from a cross-sectional survey of AIANs in Los Angeles County. To better interpret project findings and generate culturally relevant contexts, qualitative feedback was gathered at a community forum held in Spring 2018. Because recruitment of AIANs has historically been challenging, purposive sampling was employed to strategically identify a larger eligible pool. Among those who were eligible, 94% completed the survey (n = 496). AIANs who were enrolled in a tribe were 32% more likely to use the Indian Health Service (IHS), compared with those who were not enrolled (95% CI: 20.4%, 43.2%; p < .0001). In multivariable modeling, the strongest factors influencing IHS access and use were: tribal enrollment, preference for culturally-specific health care, proximity of the services to home or work, having Medicaid, and having less than a high school education. Feedback from the community forum indicated cost and trust (of a provider) were important considerations for most AIANs. Study findings reveal heterogeneous patterns of health care access and use in this population, suggesting a need to further improve the continuity, stability, and the image of AIANs’ usual sources of care (e.g., IHS, community clinics).

 

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Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10195651/

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

“If You Fall Down, You Get Back Up”: Creating a Space for Testimony and Witnessing by Urban Indigenous Women and Girls

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Authors: Elizabeth Cooper and S Michelle Dreidger

Publication Year: 2019

Last Updated:

Journal: The International Indigenous Policy Journal

Keywords: Cultural Sensitivity and Appropriateness; Gender Identity; Women's Health; Cultural Memory; Advocacy

 

Short Abstract: Historical trauma and the negative effects of colonialism continue to be played out within Canadian culture. These processes have a deleterious effect on physical and psychological health outcomes among Indigenous Peoples.

 

Abstract: Historical trauma and the negative effects of colonialism continue to be played out within Canadian culture. These processes have a deleterious effect on physical and psychological health outcomes among Indigenous Peoples. Through the creation of a safe space as part of a decolonizing, participatory activity program spanning 7 weeks, First Nations and Metis women and girls (aged 8-12) were able to begin to unpack what it means to be happy, healthy, and safe, and what is needed to actualize these goals. A community engaged, asset-based workshop approach provided a forum for participants to discuss the impact of traumatic experiences on the ability of adults to model a positive image of strength, independence, and confidence for their daughters, while creating a space to discuss change.

 

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Source: https://ojs.lib.uwo.ca/index.php/iipj/article/view/7559

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

Prevalence of Mental Health Disorders and Treatment Utilization among Urban Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender American Indians and Alaska Natives

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Authors: Ethel Nicdao et al.

Publication Year: 2023

Last Updated:

Journal: American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research

Keywords: Gender Identity; Mental and Behavioral Health; Sexuality; Treatment Utilization

 

Short Abstract: We examined prevalence of mental health treatment utilization among 447 lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and Two-Spirit (LGBTT-S) American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults and the association of mental health treatment utilization with socio-demographic factors, social support, and mental health diagnoses.

 

Abstract: We examined prevalence of mental health treatment utilization among 447 lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and Two-Spirit (LGBTT-S) American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults and the association of mental health treatment utilization with socio-demographic factors, social support, and mental health diagnoses. We derived data from the HONOR Project, a multi-site cross-sectional survey of Native LGBTT-S adults from seven U.S. metropolitan cities. Rates of lifetime mental health treatment utilization were higher for women (87%), those who were college educated (84%), and homeowners (92%). Cisgender women and transgender AI/AN adults had a higher prevalence than cisgender men of major depression, generalized anxiety, and panic disorder. Rates of subthreshold and threshold posttraumatic stress disorder were significantly higher for transgender adults. Lower positive social support and higher emotional social support were associated with greater odds of mental health treatment utilization. Mental health diagnoses and lifetime mental health treatment utilization was positively associated.

 

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Source: https://coloradosph.cuanschutz.edu/docs/librariesprovider205/journal_files/vol30/30_1_2023_35_nicdao.pdf

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article