Understanding and Healing Historical Trauma: The Perspectives of Native American Elders

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Authors: Lisa Grayshield, Jeremy J. Rutherford, Sibella B. Salazar, et al.

Publication Year: 2015

Journal: Journal of Mental Health Counseling

Keywords: Injury and Trauma; Mental and Behavioral Health; healing; wellness; elders

 

Short Abstract: In this phenomenological study 11 Native American elders addressed three research questions: (a) the effect of historical trauma on self, family, and community; (h) how historical trauma currently affects Native people and their communities; and (c) what they would recommend that counselors and therapists do in addressing issues of historical trauma for Native and tribal people.

 

Abstract: In this phenomenological study 11 Native American elders addressed three research questions: (a) the effect of historical trauma on self, family, and community; (h) how historical trauma currently affects Native people and their communities; and (c) what they would recommend that counselors and therapists do in addressing issues of historical trauma for Native and tribal people. All participants spoke of historical trauma in terms of loss of tribal language and culture. They seemed to speak directly to Native people themselves as having the answers to healing and wellness for their own people; however, recommendations for nontribal people who work with Native people and communities were discussed.

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

Source: https://ncuih.org/wp-content/uploads/Understanding-and-Healing-2015-one-pager-formated.pdf

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

 

One Pager:

“Do You Live in a Teepee? Do You Have Running Water?” The Harrowing Experiences of American Indians in North Carolina’s Urban K‑12 Schools

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Authors: Brittany D. Hunt et al.

Publication Year: 2020

Last Updated:

Journal: The Urban Review

Keywords: Cultural Sensitivity and Appropriateness; Race; Students; Urban Education; Racism; Tokenism

 

Short Abstract: American governmental policy toward Native American people and nations has long taken an exterminatory approach. The relocation era sought to remove American Indian people from reservations and tribal communities into cities to assimilate them into dominant society.

 

Abstract: American governmental policy toward Native American people and nations has long taken an exterminatory approach. The relocation era sought to remove American Indian people from reservations and tribal communities into cities to assimilate them into dominant society. The cities were marketed as beacons of economic and academic opportunity, but their realities bore different fruit including unemployment, poor living conditions, and segregated and low-performing schools. Though schools are often depicted as mechanisms of social and economic mobility, for Native children, the continued extermination of their histories, languages, cultures continue to be obstacles to their success. These obstacles are particularly harmful for Natives living in urban areas away from their tribal communities. This study of nine American Indian people from various tribes in North Carolina gathers their stories of trauma and triumph as they navigated urban public K-12 schools. Several themes emerged including the racism endured in school, lack of American Indian representation in curriculum, teachers, and peers, being tokenized as the only American Indian student, and stories of resistance and resilience despite anti-Indian circumstances.

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

Funding:

Code:

Source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339761711_Do_You_Live_in_a_Teepee_Do_You_Have_Running_Water_The_Harrowing_Experiences_of_American_Indians_in_North_Carolina%27s_Urban_K-12_Schools

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

Making Amends: Recommended Strategies and Actions to Improve the Health and Safety of American Indian and Alaska Native Mothers and Infants

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Authors: U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services Advisory Committee on Infant and Maternal Mortality (ACIMM)

Publication Year: 2022

Last Updated: December 2022

Journal:

Keywords: Awareness; Ethnicity; Federal Health Care; Health Care Access; Health Disparities; IHS; Infant Mortality; Medicare; Medicaid; Minority Groups; Misclassification of AI/AN; Pregnancy; Women's Health; Social Determinants of Health

 

Short Abstract: Report submitted in to US HHS Secretary with recommendations for the federal government to reconcile past actions and step up to the obligations to American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN). Recommendations are based on the findings of previous reports on the health of AI/AN people, populations, and communities, ACIMM’s analysis of maternal health and birth outcome-related data, presentations by representatives of federal health programs, and the testimony and input of over 88 individuals with relevant lived and professional experience.

 

Abstract: Report submitted in to US HHS Secretary with recommendations for the federal government to reconcile past actions and step up to the obligations to American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN). Recommendations are based on the findings of previous reports on the health of AI/AN people, populations, and communities, ACIMM’s analysis of maternal health and birth outcome-related data, presentations by representatives of federal health programs, and the testimony and input of over 88 individuals with relevant lived and professional experience. 59 strategies are offered to support three overarching recommendations: I. Make the health and safety of AI/AN mothers and infants a priority for action. II. Improve the living conditions of AI/AN mothers and infants and assure universal access to high quality healthcare III. Address urgent and immediate challenges that disproportionately affect AI/AN women before, during, and after pregnancy.

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

Funding:

Code:

Source: https://www.hrsa.gov/sites/default/files/hrsa/advisory-committees/infant-mortality/birth-outcomes-AI-AN-mothers-infants.pdf

Type of Resource: Report

American Indian Health Policy: Historical Trends and Contemporary Issues

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Authors: Donald Warne and Linda Bane Frizzell

Publication Year: 2014

Keywords: Federal Health Care; Health Care Access; Health Care Reform; IHS; Medicare; Medicaid; Affordable Care Act

 

Short Abstract: The United States has a trust responsibility to provide services to American Indians and Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons. However, a long-standing history of underfunding of the Indian Health Service (IHS) has led to significant challenges in providing services. Twentieth-century laws, including the Snyder Act, Transfer Act, Indian Self Determination and Education Assistance Act, and Indian Health Care Improvement Act (IHCIA) have had an effect on the way health services are provided. IHCIA was reauthorized as part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). Several provisions in ACA allow for potential improvements in access to services for AI/AN populations and are described herein. Although policy developments have been promising, IHS underfunding must be resolved to ensure improved AI/AN health.

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

Funding:

Type of Resource: Peer-reviewed scientific article

Racialization as a Barrier to Achieving Health Equity for Native Americans

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Authors: Vikas Gampa, MD, Kenneth Bernard, MD, MBA, and Michael J. Oldani, PhD, MS

Publication Year: 2020

Last Updated: October 2020

Journal: AMA Journal of Ethics

Keywords: Race

 

Short Abstract: The concept of race has long been known to be complex. Especially within the American Indian/Alaskan Native populations. The concept of race itself has very European roots, and has had long lasting negative effects on the AI/AN population. Using this metric in medicine has proved to be rather controversial especially in terms of the AI/AN community, which is why this particular article highlights the concerns around using this method.

 

Source: Link to Original Article.

Source: https://journalofethics.ama-assn.org/article/racialization-barrier-achieving-health-equity-native-americans/2020-10