Substance use and mental health issues among U.S.-born American Indians or Alaska Natives residing on and off tribal lands.

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Authors: Eunice Park-Lee, Rachel N. Lipari, Jonaki Bose, Kirk Greenway, Arthur Hughes, Cristie Glasheen, Mindy Herman-Stahl, Michael Penne, Michael Pemberton, Jamie Cajka
Publication Year: 2018
Last Updated: 2019-09-30 15:55:45
Journal: SAMHSA Publication
Keywords: mental health, depression, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine/crack, and heroin among Ai/AN; on /off reservation differences in mental health, substance use, and treatment receipt

Short Abstract:

About 22 percent of American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) reside on reservations or other trust lands, which contain unique governments, histories, traditions, communities, languages, and behavioral health challenges. In general, there is a lack of nationally representative data on the substance use and mental health of AI/ANs residing on and off tribal lands. This report provides methodological information on how to obtain estimates of behavioral health outcomes for populations living on and off tribal lands and provides some initial estimates form data collected bewtween 2005 and 2014

Combined 2005 to 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) data included about 31,900 self-identified U.S.-born AI/AN adolescents and adults aged 12 or older residing on (n = 5,400) or off (n = 26,500) tribal lands.

This study found significant differences in the mental health and substance use of the U.S.-born AI/AN population by tribal land residential status, which forms the foundation for future efforts to understand differences in the behavioral health landscape of U.S.-born AI/ANs residing on and off tribal lands. This study examined the differences in behavioral health outcomes by tribal land residential status for the nation based on a large nationally representative sample. However, although these data are nationally representative, the estimates in this report may not be representative of any specific U.S.-born AI/AN tribe or village.

For many of the behavioral health topics analyzed, U.S.-born AI/AN adults and adolescents residing on tribal lands were equally or less likely than U.S.-born AI/AN adults and adolescents residing off tribal lands to experience the behavioral health challenges.  Among U.S.-born AI/AN adolescents, past year major depressive episode was less likely among those residing on tribal lands compared with those living off tribal lands

Abstract:

This study examined the differences in behavioral health outcomes by tribal land residential status for the nation based on a large nationally representative sample.

Combined 2005 to 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) data included about 31,900 self-identified U.S.-born AI/AN adolescents and adults aged 12 or older residing on (n = 5,400) or off (n = 26,500) tribal lands.

For many of the behavioral health topics analyzed, U.S.-born AI/AN adults and adolescents residing on tribal lands were equally or less likely than U.S.-born AI/AN adults and adolescents residing off tribal lands to experience the behavioral health challenges. Among U.S.-born AI/AN adolescents, past year major depressive episode was less likely among those residing on tribal lands compared with those living off tribal lands. Despite a higher need for substance use treatment, U.S.-born AI/AN adults residing on tribal lands were less likely than those residing off tribal lands to receive substance use treatment at a specialty facility.

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