Smoking Cessation: A Report of the Surgeon General
Authors: Jerome M. Adams, M.D., M.P.H.
Publication Year: 2020
Last Updated: 2020-07-15 11:29:32
Journal: Department of Health and Human Services
Keywords: tobacco cessation, nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs), AI/AN tobacco use, quit attempts, tobacco counseling support
Short Abstract:
Since 1990, the scientific literature has expanded greatly on the determinants and processes of smoking cessation, informing the development of interventions that promote cessation and help smokers quit. Of all groups measured, the prevalence of past-year quit attempts and interest in quitting smoking was lowest among AI/ANs 18 or older. The prevalence of key indicators of cessation—quit attempts, advice to quit from a health professional, and access to cessation therapies—varies across populations, with lower prevalence among vulnerable subgroups like AI/ANs. Further, of all groups measured, the prevalence of past-year quit attempts and interest in quitting smoking was lowest among AI/ANs 18 or older.
Health care providers who serve AI/AN populations may be a vital linchpin for efforts to improve tobacco cessation among AI/ANs.
Abstract:
The purpose of this report is to update and expand the 1990 Surgeon General’s report based on new scientific evidence on smoking cessation. Since 1990, the scientific literature has expanded greatly on the determinants and processes of smoking cessation, informing the development of interventions that promote cessation and help smokers quit.
A considerable range of effective pharmacologic and behavioral smoking cessation treatment options are now available. As of October 16, 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved five nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs) and two nonnicotine oral medications to help smokers quit, and the use of these treatments has expanded, including stronger integration with counseling support.
The report documents specific challenges for American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) tobacco use. American Indian/Alaska Native women had the highest prevalence (16.7%) of pregnant women who smoked by race/ethnicity. Further, of all groups measured, the prevalence of past-year quit attempts and interest in quitting smoking was lowest among AI/ANs 18 or older. The prevalence of key indicators of cessation—quit attempts, advice to quit from a health professional, and access to cessation therapies—varies across populations, with lower prevalence among vulnerable subgroups like AI/ANs. Providers who serve AI/AN populations may be a vital linchpin for efforts to improve tobacco cessation among AI/ANs.
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